https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/80326
Untitled Document
Senomorphic agents are an alternative approach to senolytics, the concept behind this approach is to disrupt pathways by which senescent cells mediate its detrimental effects without eliminating the cells. For this purpose, neutralizing antibodies targeting SASP (senescent-associated secretory phenotype) components or their receptors have been developed. Approaches based on the transcriptional modulation of the expression of SASP factors were developed to reduce SASP production.
In addition, based on the fact that mTOR activation promotes SASP production through translation of subsets of mRNA that stabilizes many cytokine-encoding transcripts, certain mTOR inhibitors can be considered senomorphic agents. For example, rapamycin, which exhibits CR-mimicking effects, was reported to decrease SASP production by inhibiting mTOR. Besides, apigenin and kaempferol were shown to attenuate SASP production through their modulating effects on NF-κB signaling.
Senolytic agents have advantages over senomorphics, which include the possibility to take them intermittently and the reduction of the likelihood of senescence bypassing mutations that can promote tumorigenesis, since these agents eliminate senescent cells rather than targeting SASP production. However, the still undetermined safety of prolonged or repeated administration of senolytic agents combined with an emerging study report on the likelihood of senolysis damage to cells with structural functions makes senomorphics a considerable alternative to senolytic agents.
