Abstract
Scope:
To identify the cross-sectional and prospective association between coffee consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among South Korean adults.
Methods and results:
Participants were selected from the Health Examinees study. NAFLD was defined using three non-invasive indexes: fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index, and fibrosis-4 calculator (FIB-4).In the cross-sectional analysis, higher habitual coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk for NAFLD, defined using the FLI, (men, odds ratio [OR] 0.702; women, OR 0.810) compared with non-consumers. Participants who consumed coffee with sugar and creamer also had a lower risk for NAFLD, defined using the FIB-4, compared with non-coffee-consumers (men, OR 0.739; women, OR 0.807). A prospective analysis indicated that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower incidence of NAFLD, defined using the FLI, in men (hazard ratio, 0.706). In both men and women, a lower FIB-4 index score was associated with higher coffee consumption regardless of coffee type (all p-value <0.05).
Conclusions:
Coffee consumption of > 3 cups per day had a protective effect against the development of NAFLD to a certain extent, and a negative association was found between coffee consumed with sugar and creamer and the FIB-4 index score in South Korean adults. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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