Abstract
Objective:
The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of probiotic plus selenium supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profils in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods:
This randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 60 patients with GDM. Participants were randomly allocated into 2 groups to intake either placebo (n = 30) or probiotic (8 × 109 CFU/day) plus 200 μg/day selenium (n = 30) for 6 weeks.
Results:
Selenium plus probiotic supplementation significantly reduced fasting glucose (-4.5 ± 5.8 vs. -1.2 ± 4.3 mg/dL, P = 0.004), insulin concentrations (-1.4 ± 1.7 vs. -0.2 ± 1.1 μIU/mL, P = 0.002) and insulin resistance (-0.4 ± 0.5 vs. -0.1 ± 0.3, P = 0.001), and significantly increased insulin sensitivity (+0.008 ± 0.009 vs. +0.001 ± 0.006, P = 0.002) compared with the placebo. Co-supplementation also significantly decreased triglycerides (-16.6 ± 44.4 vs. +14.9 ± 26.4 mg/dL, P = 0.005), total cholesterol (-24.2 ± 29.2 vs. +4.5 ± 18.7 mg/dL, P = 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (-20.8 ± 30.8 vs. -0.2 ± 16.8 mg/dL, P = 0.006) compared with the placebo. Moreover, co-supplementation increased gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) (P = 0.003) and LDL-receptor (P = 0.001) in the peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells of the participants with GDM.
Conclusions:
Probiotic plus selenium supplementation to patients with GDM for six weeks had beneficial effects on glycemic status, lipid profiles, and PPAR-γ and LDLR expression. However, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were not significantly changed.
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