Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a crucial health issue worldwide. The worldwide ubiquity is 8.8% among adults with the number predicted to raise upto 10.4% by 2040. Diabetic neuropathy is a long-term complication associated with the diabetes mellitus condition which primarily targets Schwann cells, peripheral axons and cell bodies (perikarya) in DRG (dorsal root ganglia). It can accompanied by different factors such as metabolic factors such as insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, low HDL level, hyper triglyceridemia. Etiology of DPN is multifactorial.Itis found to be caused by hyperglycemia, micro-angiopathy, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, smoking status, High density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertension. Also, increased glucose condition, decrease vitamin D level.Vitamin-D involves in the regulation of neurotrophins such as NGF (nerve growth factor) and NCH (neuronal calcium homeostasis), both play a neuroprotective role in peripheral nerves. Depletionleads to vitamin D deficiency which furthur develops peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients. Accumulation of AGEs (advanced glycation end product) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of sensory neuronal damage. It contributes to microangiopathy and endoneural vascular dysfunction in peripheral nerves.With vitamin-D supplementation the neuropathy pain scores were improved.
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